Charlie Brereton Director at Montana Department of Public Health | LinkedIn
Charlie Brereton Director at Montana Department of Public Health | LinkedIn
Today marks World TB Day, a day dedicated to raising awareness about tuberculosis (TB) and its prevention. The Department of Public Health and Human Services (DPHHS) is emphasizing the importance of education in reducing the incidence of this disease.
“There’s been great progress to reduce TB disease in the last 20 years; however, more improvements could be made through increased education and awareness,” said Ryan Weight of the DPHHS Tuberculosis Prevention Program.
Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which primarily attack the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body like the kidneys, spine, and brain. Not all individuals infected with TB bacteria fall ill, leading to two related conditions: latent TB infection (LTBI) and active TB disease. Both conditions are treatable. However, untreated LTBI can develop into active TB disease, potentially leading to illness and transmission to others. Untreated TB disease can be fatal.
The United States reports approximately 8,000 cases of active TB annually. In Montana specifically, an average of six cases have been reported each year over the past decade, down from 13 cases per year in the previous decade. Nationally, about 530 deaths are attributed to TB each year; Montana's most recent death occurred in 2021.
TB spreads through airborne particles when a person with lung or throat TB coughs or speaks. Those nearby may inhale these bacteria and become infected.
In Montana during 2022, there were 294 diagnosed cases of LTBI. Individuals at higher risk for developing LTBI include those exposed to TB or who have lived in a country where TB is common for over a month. Immunocompromised individuals or those on immunosuppressive medications are also at increased risk.
Healthcare providers recommend testing for those with any risk factors associated with TB. Treatment for LTBI can prevent progression to active TB disease.
For further information on tuberculosis, including available tests and educational resources, visit the appropriate health websites.
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